The Challenges Of Learning Disabilities - 894 Words

Challenges of Learning Disabilities There is a wide debate about whether workers with certain learning disabilities should be allowed to work in â€Å"regular jobs†. Some argue that only certain workers with learning disabilities may be allowed, so as they are self-regulated, meaning they are able to regulate their own behavior. Metacognition, understanding the strategies available for learning a task and what is needed to complete said task, is also recommended for the worker. It is agreed upon that a Specific Learning Disability is a disorder in one of the psychological processes involved with understanding/using language, spoken or written. However, the definition of a learning disability is argued amongst the special education community. Employers usually avoid those who have learned helplessness, a motivational term referring to a condition in which a condition believes that no matter how hard he/she tries, failure will result. There are many reasons why this topic is im portant to me. The biggest reason why I explored this topic is because there are so many people in the world that misunderstand people with learning disabilities, and they end up making fun of something because they do not understand. There are many challenges those with learning disabilities face in their adult years. The most common challenges those with learning disabilities face include employment, receiving higher education, and the trouble of early intervention. Starting with the most common problemShow MoreRelatedEssay about Placing English Language Learners in Special Education1182 Words   |  5 Pagescommonly known as ELL’s, are being placed in Special Education without being properly tested for a learning disability. However there are a large number of ELL’s with learning disabilities in elementary grades that truly have a learning disability and are over looked. Many school districts have problems placing ELL’s. 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Analysis of Characters, Conflict, and Symbolism in “a...

Analysis of Characters, Conflict, and Symbolism in â€Å"A Good Man Is hard to Find† The story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† is a fascinating story about a family traveling to Florida for a family vacation. The story’s main characters are the grandmother, the mother and a baby, the father Bailey, and the two children June Star and John Wesley. On this trip the family has a run in with the other characters The Misfit, Bobby Lee, and Hiram who are escaped convicts headed towards Florida. O’Connor uses literary elements such as flashback and characterization to explore what it means to be a good person. It appears as the only good person in the story is the person the grandmother becomes through her struggle with the Misfit. O’Connor seems to†¦show more content†¦The story seems to imply how the modern man becomes spiritual when faced with evil. The grandmother seems to be unconcerned with the rest of her family: â€Å"‘I know you wouldn’t shoot a lady!’†(441). She thinks she is a â€Å"lady† sh e shouldn’t be shot. The grandmother is self-centered; she did not even beg for the life of anyone in her family but her own. She is always the first to criticize everyone but never looks at herself in a critical manner. The conflicts in this story highlight the character’s nature. The main fiction element in O’Connor’s â€Å"A Good Man Is Hard to Find† is symbolism. Most of the Symbolism in this story is masked behind a lot of foreshadowing: â€Å"They passed a large cotton field with five or six graves fenced in the middle of it, like a small island†(371). The number of graves foreshadows the death of each family member. Five or six represents the uncertainty of whether at least one member of the family will survive or not. After the accident the family waits for someone to come help them, ironically The Misfit, Bobby Lee, and Hiram pull up in â€Å"a big black battered hearse-like automobile†(375). The Hearse by definition is a vehicle that carries a coffin to a funeral. So, this is another image of death forthcoming, which foreshadows the outcome of the family before The Misfit and his accomplices even get out of the car. In general symbolism is an important element in this short story; many times it

Influences on the Health of a Community - 1152 Words

Influences on the Health of a Community The health of a community is influenced by many factors including the social, cultural, and ethnic mix of the community, varying individual belief and moral systems, and the impact of political and economic factors to name a few. Strong social community associations, affiliations, and ties, within the interior of the community also influence the overall health of the community collective. Additional influences are the actual physical environment, surroundings, and available activities and resources of the community in which the citizens live, work, play, and perform all the other associated activities of daily life. Socioeconomics and the Spartanburg Community Spartanburg†¦show more content†¦In addition, in 2000 the Unites States Congress passed legislation creating the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities at the National Institute of Health which requires the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) to report annually on our nation’s progress in reducing healthcare disparities (Lillie-Blanton, Maleque Miller, 2008). Socioeconomic status relates to health status. In the United States those with private insurance and Medicare tend to receive a higher and disproportionate part of the available healthcare services and resources, while those with Medicaid or no insurance receive a significantly lower number of services and resource options. A person’s socioeconomic status within the country and culture also greatly impacts not only the healthcare services received, but also the quality of the services provided (Shipman, Vant Hul Hooten, 2009). Effects of Economics on Healthcare Access The status of the national, state, and local economies significantly impact the availability and access to medical services and care, especially for those who lack private insurance coverage or the financial resources to pay. The recent and severe economic downturn experienced in the United States has greatly impacted those who depend on the payment of services through socially funded programs such as Medicare and Medicaid, asShow MoreRelatedHispanic Culture s Influence On Health Patterns And Behaviors Exhibited By The Community Essay988 Words   |  4 Pages Cultural, traditional, and religious values have an influence on health patterns and behaviors exhibited by the community. Hispanic culture is dominant due to the close proximity to the U.S.-Mexico border. Fifty-two percent of households use a language other than English at home (U.S. Census Bureau, 2015). Therefore, an understanding of Hispanic culture is necessary for health care workers to effectively care for patients in this community. Yuma County has been designated as a medically underservedRead MoreDiscuss How Hunger and Malnutrition Influence the Health and Development of Communities.Then Explain How Community Participation and National Political Commitment Can Help to Address the Effects of Hunger and Malnutrition2552 Words   |  11 Pagesmalnutrition influence the health and development of communities. Then explain how community participation and national political commitment can help to address the effects of hunger and malnutrition. Table contents 1. Introduction 2. Definitions of health, hunger and malnutrition 3. Effects of hunger and malnutrition and how the two concepts are linked 4. How community participation can address these effects 5. National Political commitment 6. 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Thermal Aspects of the Refrigerated Vehicles Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Optimize Thermal Performance Of Refrigerated Vehicles In The Distribution Of Perishable Goods. Answer: Introduction The literature review has gone through a detailed research on the optimization of the thermal performances of the refrigerated vehicles which are required in the distribution process of a production unit. The perishable goods are always a matter of concern for the production department of an organization. However, the performance of the refrigerated vehicles can be measured with various mathematical and analytical models and the total quality control strategies need to be maintained in the systems of production (Pellicer et al, 2016). According to the studies of the production and inventory management, the temperature of the refrigerated products should be kept under control and the limits should be maintained in the production units (Novaes et al, 2015). This will ensure the optimum safety levels for the products and the product quality level will be enhanced. Along with that, the variation in the product temperatures along with the vehicles used in the production unit are presented by various non-linear functions (Techer et al 2014). In the traditional cargo distribution the vehicle optimization with the routing process is employed and the distribution problems of the vehicles are depended on) the Travelling Salesman procedures. The process of cargo unloading and the distribution influences the thermal aspects of the vehicles (Andreji?, Bojovi?Kilibarda, 2016). The thermal quality and other aspects are needed to be evaluated in the analysis of PCI (Process Capability Indices). However, the thermal aspects and the temperature does not vary with the time in a linear relation, thus a Simulated Annealing Algorithm is required for this purpose to get the solution in which the temperature can be maintained easily along with the travelling of the vehicles should be minimum in the production inventory (Benedito et al 2015). The production unit of an organization needs to ensure the quality of the production and the products along with the health safety levels by controlling the temperature all through the cold chain process. It is necessary to maintain the balancing situation over the refrigerated vehicles in the production floor. There are number of some factors which affect upholding of the eminence aspects and the perishability of the good during production (Kayansayan, Alptekin Ezan, 2014). The factors are such as the use of proscribed atmospheres throughout the cargo space or in the transit, the chemical treatments to control the physiological disorders and the heat treatments for that purpose. The packaging and handling systems influences the perishability of the foods items and the initial quality of the commodity also affects the perishability of those food items in the inventory. The temperature maintenance of the product during the distribution, storage and transit influences the perishabilit y too (Houdek et al 2014). However, the risk factors during the transit may influence the quality of these products and it may rapidly change in the storage and lead to quality losses. Thermal aspects of the refrigerated vehicles The thermal aspects of the refrigerated vehicles are controlled with the Process Control Indices and it serves the benchmarking elements to constitute the refrigerated transport systems. The use of PCIs ensure the minimum level of operating effectiveness by the system. The international ISO rules are compiled in the refrigerated freight transport (Kolda et al, 2014). There are many countries who have their specific rules regarding the refrigerated freight transport. Every country use to serve some specific legislations for the temperature control requirements for the inventory management of the production units in that country. The storage and the transport of perishable goods are taken care with some strict guidelines to the industrial aspects. However, the hygiene of the food products are major requirements in this process. Thus, the temperature maintenance should be adequately controlled and monitored. The Australian Government has put some regulation regarding this purpose. The regulation states that, the refrigerated vehicles need to have adequate cooling facility to equipoise the heat load permeated through the insulated body (Kinnear, Rose Rolfe, 2015). Along with that, it should have some extra capacity for the heat leakage purposes. The rules of the extra cooling capacity is states as a percentage of 25% (Dalk?l? et al 2015). However, the extra capacity can be stated to increase up to 200% for the trucks which have around 31 to 35 doors opening in a day. The reservation of the power depends on the time based deterioration of the insulation of the body of such vehicles along with the refrigeration plants. The heat of respiration during the transportation should produce the extra cooling capacity is there is a necessity to eliminate the deforestation heat (Laguerre, Hoang Flick, 2013).In some cases, it is seen that, the 6-9 years old refrigerated vehicles shows a increase in energy consumption along with CO2 emissions. Thus, the refrigeration equipments of the vehicles are required to the operated reliably. Analysis of the Thermal Performance The models that discourse the evaluation of the heat and the mass transference during the time of transport can be divided in that factors which regard as the atmosphere of the transport unit and concentrate on the temperature of the products. Some of the models combine such aspects top deal with transportation. However, the fluctuations in the ambient condition, door openings and the loading of the product also influence the maintenance of the temperature of the products which are transported. There are few other models too that specifies the effects of the transportation temperatures on the food safety parameters (Li, Hwang Radermacher, 2017). In a research, it is found that, the models of the fluid dynamics and the techniques of the analysis of airflow in cold environments are used for the purpose of the control on the temperatures of the foods and the management of the refrigerated vehicles. The main purpose of controlling the temperature is stated as to decrease the microbial growth and the increase in quality (Muratore et al, 2015). The studies on the refrigerated vehicles enlisted that, there are few conditions which should be adopted by various production and inventory units to limit the losses and falls in the quality of foods. In the short distanced transportation the refrigerated products are observed with more efficiency.In such cases the pre-established limits can be maintained easily and the quality controls can be implemented successfully. For this purposes, the focus should be given to the logistics application and the theoretical models can be employed to implement the dynamic nature of the TQM (Fikiin et al, 2017). The technical data should be allowed by the thermal laboratory tests and the in-the-field aspects of the behavioral characteristics should be considered in such situations. The accuracy in the data analysis for this purpose is needed to be given more preferences since the rigid technological and experimental controls are necessity for the maintenance of the refrigerated vehicles (Defraeye et al, 2016). In the context of the thermal performance there are various problems arise due to the mishandling and the misconducts of the time-temperature indicators. However, the situation can be overcome with the proper TTI (Time- Temperature Indicators) evaluations aligned with the cold chain process. According to the studies, one of the most systematic attempts in the prediction of the temperature of the refrigerated vehicles and the foods during the transit and multidrop is the CoolVan Research programme. It is a kind of software which is established by the Food Refrigeration and Process Engineering Research Centre at the University of Bristol, UK to implement the systematic distribution in the transportation of the refrigerated vehicles and the units. Process Capability Indices for the Assessment of the TTI data The Process Capability Indices (PCI) are the numerical elements which are used to compare the characteristics of a production. Values of such indices are equated with a large or small pre-established level along with the present requirements. The PCI are used in the statistical control of the control of the process quality and the productivity. However, the indices are convenient since it reduces the complexity of the information in a single value or number. The application of the PCI is related with the TTI values and the presentation is regarding the distribution of the data collected for the parameters of the temperature. Capability Indices According to studies, the capability indices are required to relate the process parameters to the engineering specifications. This relative aspects may include the bilateral tolerances and the target value may or may not be used for this purpose (Gowreesunker, Tassou Raeisi, 2014). Normal Data The capability indices are such dimensionless measures which can be easily understood for the purpose of quantifying the process quality in a production. During the application, the observed variable is temperature with x parameter inside the vehicle. Along with that, a distribution passage of frozen food products is used for the same purpose. The mean m and the standard deviation are also measurable parameters in this purpose. If there are two sided specification limits for the observed temperature parameter x, the four capability indices are used for this purpose namely Dp, Dpm, Dpk and the Dpmk (Chen Zhang, 2014). The definition of the Dpindex is as Dp = (USL LSL) / 6 The purpose of adopting the Dp index is to take control of the production process. The aim of the use is to make the index as larger as possible. The variable x is supposed to be normally distributed and the mean m is equalized to the specified targeted value xT. The coefficient of Dpis defined as the ratio of the tolerance spread and the actual spread of the process. There are few indication for the index which directs the calculation towards the perceived results of the process control (Aslam et al, 2013). If Dp 1, it indicates that the process does not meet the limits. If Dp 1, it indicates the fitted temperature variation in the indicated limits. If 1Dp 1.33, it indicates that there is some probability for the process to meet the limits. This situation need to be taken for serious attention in the process. If Dp33, it indicates that the process is fully accomplished. The six-sigma coverage here represents the data base with normal distribution along with the spread of 99.73%. Along with that, the Dp1.33 situation represents the eight sigma coverage and it practically covers the spread of 100% with in the similar circumstances. In some practical cases the process is not centralized with the targeted value xT. However, the drawbacks in the process can be avoided with the index Dpk that is defined as Dpk = min { Along with that, the Dpm can be used to consider the difference between the mean m and the target value xT. Dpm = However, the sample estimators can be used for the calculation of the above indices. Non-Normal Data There are few approximated methods for the evaluation purpose of the non0normal situations in the production process. The suggested methods for this purpose reflects the accurate numbers in the sample of the non-conforming items. Through these methods, the Process Capability Indices values can be adjusted according to the degree of skewness of the population taken in this purpose. The specific factors in the computation of the deviations and the mean may vary during the adjustments of the Process Capability Indices(Chen Zhang, 2014). However, these methods are grounded on the idea of dividing the into upper and the lover deviations such as U and L. The division can be represented with the dispersions of the upper and the lower sides around the value of the mean m respectively. The asymmetric probability density function F(x) should be approximated with the two formulae such as And Here, the same means are used but the standard deviation are different as 2Uand 2L. Along with that, the function G represents the standard normal pdfs with the upper and lower bounds. The upper and the lower bounds of F(x) are approximated with the functions F1(x) and the F2(x)respectively. The values of the standard deviations can be computed as U= Px and L = (1-Px) , where Px = Pr { x m} In the evaluation of the process control and the quality, the non-normal data can be calculated with the capability indices as similar with the normal data(Aslam et al, 2013). The formulae for the calculation of the indices are as follows Dp = min { Dp = min { = min { Setting Cx as equals to 1+ ?1 2Px ?, the above expression can be simplified as Dp =*(1/Cx) Here, the (1/Cx) is a corrective coefficient due to the skewness of the distribution of parameter x. Along with that, the value of the Dpk should be corrected for the skewness and this can be estimated as below The upper and the lower capability indices can be defines as DpkU = = .(1) DpkL = = . (2) Using the above two equation the PCI of the parameter of the temperature x can be formulated with the both sided specifications as Dpk =min {DpkU, DpkL} = min { (3) In the above equations 1 and 2, the 2Uand 2Lare used in the place of the standard deviation to reflect the degree of skewness in the distribution of the parameter x. The underlying distribution of x is symmetric and the value of the Px is equals to 0.5. However, the distribution is skewed then the value of the Dpkwill became smaller than the value of. The estimation of the values of the Dpand Dpk can be performed along with the calculation of the mean of the population, the standard deviation of the sample and the probability of the parameter x in this purpose. Let, the n values of the temperature parameter x be x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6 xn. The mean of the sample be msand the standard deviation of the sample be s. The probability of the parameter be P(x) which can be estimated with (number of observation ms). That is, P(x) msxi ), where the for x 0. Then the Dpk can be evaluated by the substitution of ms, s and P(x)for the m, and Pxin the equation 3. The fourth capability index Dpmkis used when the mean m departs from the targeted value of the parameter xT. In this application, there is target value only if there are the USL and the LSL used. Consequently the Dpkindex is adopted (Chen, Yang Chen, 2015). Conclusion In the production floor, the temperature of the food items largely determines the rate of the microbial activities which can be the cause of the spoilage of the most of the fresh food products. Along with that, lack of continuous monitoring of the temperature can hamper the distribution of the units. Such interruption during the transit and control can lead to the deterioration of the quality of products during the production process. The required product temperatures are needed to be maintained from the production to the consumptions stages. References Andreji?, M., Bojovi?, N., Kilibarda, M. (2016). A framework for measuring transport efficiency in distribution centers. Transport Policy, 45, 99-106. Aslam, M., Wu, C. W., Azam, M., Jun, C. H. (2013). Variable sampling inspection for resubmitted lots based on process capability index Cpk for normally distributed items. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 37(3), 667-675. Crcel, J. A., Benedito, J., Cambero, M. I., Cabeza, M. C., Ordez, J. A. (2015). Modeling and optimization of the E-beam treatment of chicken steaks and hamburgers, considering food safety, shelf-life, and sensory quality. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 96, 133-144. Chen, C. P., Zhang, C. Y. (2014). Data-intensive applications, challenges, techniques and technologies: A survey on Big Data. Information Sciences, 275, 314-347. Chen, K. S., Yang, S. L., Chen, H. T. (2015). Process improvement capability index with costA modeling method of mathematical programming. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 39(5), 1577-1586. Dalk?l?, A. S., Celen, A., ebi, A., Wongwises, S. (2016). Effect of Refrigerant Type and Insulation Thickness on Refrigeration Systems of Land and Sea Vehicles. Strojnikivestnik-Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 62(4), 252-259. Defraeye, T., Nicolai, B., Kirkman, W., Moore, S., van Niekerk, S., Verboven, P., Cronj, P. (2016). Integral performance evaluation of the fresh-produce cold chain: A case study for ambient loading of citrus in refrigerated containers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 112, 1-13. Fikiin, K., Stankov, B., Evans, J., Maidment, G., Foster, A., Brown, T., ... Alvarez, G. (2017). Refrigerated warehouses as intelligent hubs to integrate renewable energy in industrial food refrigeration and to enhance power grid sustainability. Trends in Food Science Technology, 60, 96-103. Gowreesunker, B. L., Tassou, S. A., Raeisi, A. H. (2014). Numerical study of the thermal performance of well freezer cabinets. In Proceedings of the 3rd IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain, London. Houdek, P., Rajtmajer, V., Kolda, M., Kopecka, M., Hegar, M. (2014). U.S. Patent Application No. 14/268,239. Kayansayan, N., Alptekin, E., Ezan, M. A. (2014). Flow and thermal characteristics of airflow inside a refrigerated container. International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics. Kinnear, S., Rose, A., Rolfe, J. (2015). Emissions reporting in the Australian road freight transport sector: is there a better method than the default option?.International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 9(2), 93-102. Kolda, M., Kopecka, M., Hegar, M., Rajtmajer, V., Houdek, P., Forejt, L., Ghiraldi, A. (2014). U.S. Patent Application No. 14/888,652. Laguerre, O., Hoang, H. M., Flick, D. (2013). Experimental investigation and modelling in the food cold chain: Thermal and quality evolution. Trends in Food Science Technology, 29(2), 87-97. Li, G., Hwang, Y., Radermacher, R. (2017). Cold Thermal Energy Storage Materials and Applications Toward Sustainability. In Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming (pp. 67-117). Springer International Publishing. Muratore, G., Restuccia, C., Licciardello, F., Lombardo, S., Pandino, G., Mauromicale, G. (2015). Effect of packaging film and antibrowning solution on quality maintenance of minimally processed globe artichoke heads. Innovative Food Science Emerging Technologies, 31, 97-104. Novaes, A. G., Lima Jr, O. F., Carvalho, C. C. D., Bez, E. T. (2015). Thermal performance of refrigerated vehicles in the distribution of perishable food.PesquisaOperacional,35(2), 251-284. Pellicer, E. L., Garca, J. B. A., Marn, V. M., Albesa, B. (2016). Procedure for Optimization of a Modular Set of Batteries in a High Autonomy Electric Vehicle Regarding Control, Maintenance and Performance. In Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2016 (pp. 239-251). Springer International Publishing. Techer, C., Baron, F., Delbrassinne, L., Belad, R., Brunet, N., Gillard, A., ...Andjelkovic, M. (2014). Global overview of the risk linked to the Bacillus cereus group in the egg product industry: identification of food safety and food spoilage markers. Journal of applied microbiology, 116(5), 1344-1358.